Water & Wastewater

Clean water in, clean water out. The hydrological cycle, drinking-water treatment, wastewater treatment, and river water-quality modelling with the oxygen sag.

• Hydrology — Hydrology quantifies water in the environment. Learn the hydrologic cycle, rainfall (intensity–duration–frequency, return periods and risk), infiltration and runoff (rational method, SCS-CN), time of concentration, hydrographs and unit hydrographs, and flood design.
• Water Treatment — Water treatment turns raw water into safe drinking water. Learn water demand, quality parameters, the treatment train (screening, coagulation–flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, disinfection), design parameters (overflow rate, detention time, filtration rate) and distribution.
• Wastewater — Wastewater treatment protects rivers and health. Learn sewage characteristics (BOD, COD, SS, nutrients), BOD kinetics, primary, secondary (activated sludge, trickling filters) and tertiary treatment, F/M ratio, HRT, SRT, sludge handling and reuse.
• River Water-Quality Modelling: The Oxygen Sag — Predicting what a discharge does to a river. Learn deoxygenation and reaeration, the Streeter–Phelps model, the dissolved-oxygen sag curve, critical time and deficit, reaeration formulas (O'Connor–Dobbins), temperature correction, nutrients and eutrophication, and modern models (QUAL2K, WASP) — with Python computing a DO sag.