Standalone Runtimes

Rust (Bytecode Alliance) Reference for WASI 0.2 and components, the Cranelift JIT/AOT, Winch baseline compiler, pulley interpreter, fuel/epoch interruption, pooling allocator. The most standards-focused.

Multiple backends (Cranelift, LLVM, Singlepass, V8/WAMR), WASIX (POSIX extensions: threads, sockets, fork), Wasmer Edge, the wapm registry, wasmer create-exe

Cloud-native/edge, AOT, wasi-nn (LLMs via llama.cpp/GGML), networking, Kubernetes/Docker integration WAMR (WebAssembly Micro Runtime) C (Bytecode Alliance)

Tiny footprint for embedded/IoT, interpreter + AOT + JIT, used in Intel SGX and devices

Zero dependencies (pure Go, no CGo), easy embedding in Go apps A fast interpreter for microcontrollers WasmEdge/Wasmtime in Docker Container shims (runwasi) V8 / SpiderMonkey / JSC Browser engines (also in Node/Deno/Bun)

Interpreter (used in blockchains like Polkadot) Pure-JVM Wasm runtime

wasmex, wasmer-python, wasmtime-py, wasmtime-dotnet Embedding in other languages

wasmtime compile app.wasm -o app.cwasm        # AOT precompile for fast startup
wasmtime run --allow-precompiled app.cwasm
wasmer create-exe app.wasm -o app             # native executable
wasmedgec app.wasm app_aot.wasm               # WasmEdge AOT